Alibaba (China)
Towards AI's newsletter dated June 23, 2026 provides the strongest independent benchmark anchor for GLM-5.1, confirming it launched on April 7, 2026, roughly ten weeks before the GLM-5.2 successor shipped on June 16, 2026. The piece records Artificial Analysis scoring GLM-5.1 at 40 on its Intelligence Index, with GLM-5 The same article places GLM-5.1 in Z.ai's rapid Chinese open-weight push, noting GLM-5.2's wide gains versus 5.1 across hard evaluations such as CritPt physics reasoning, Humanity's Last Exam, long-context reasoning, an agentic banking benchmark, SciCode, and Terminal-Bench 2.1. On the multi-week AA-Briefcase agentic k